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Understand How to Use Risk to Reward Ratio

by Ahmad Hassam

Many new traders think that a good entry into the markets for each trade is the key to success. Most are wrong, unfortunately. What is more important is trading with a good risk to reward ratio that has a high probability to making a profit. A risk to reward ratio compares the potential for reward with the potential for loss.

Risk is measured by the pips between the forecasted entry price and the forecasted price at which you want to exit the market in case of a losing trade. Risk is just a measure of how much you can lose in a trade. A trader must view each trade as a business transaction.

Reward is calculated by the pips between the forecasted entry price and the forecasted price at which you would want to exit the market in case of a winning trade. Reward is the expected number of pips that you want to make in a trade that will be a winner.

In order to manage risk properly, you need to look for high probability trades that have a risk to reward ratio of 1:2 or higher. However, this depends on the time frame that you want to trade. For example, suppose you are a day trader. You are looking for making only 30 pips in a trade. A stop loss of 15 pips is sufficient for the risk to reward ratio of 1:2.

However, suppose you are a swing trader or a position trader with a longer time frame. Your profit potential will be more on a longer time frame. Suppose you choose 200 pips as your expected profit. You will need to set your stop loss at 100 pips.

Retracements on shorter time frame are much smaller. Retracement on the larger time frame is much bigger. The reason that you need to set a higher stop loss on a larger time frame is that small trends occur within the larger trend. In order to be not stopped out of the trade, you need to calculate your risk to reward ratio appropriately. Due to smaller trends in the larger trends, your trade is going to be recycled.

You must agree that next to maximizing profits, the second most important thing for you is minimizing losses. A trading system that wins 50% of the time can still be profitable. The unfortunate thing about most of the traders is that they want to make money but dont know how to protect what they currently have.

You have 50/50 chance of market going your way just like flipping a coin. In case, the trade does not develop in your favor, you should cut your losses by using stop losses. In short, you cut your losses and let your winners run. This simple 50/50 strategy earns a profit even when a novice trader might experience a loss.

Consider different risk to reward ratios and how much you need to win to break even. For 2:1 risk to reward ratio, you need 67% winners just to break even. For a 1:1 risk to reward ratio, it means just 50% winners to break even. 1:2 ratio means only 33.5% winners. Never ever trade when the risk to reward ratio is more than 1:2.

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